|
François de Grossouvre (29 March 1918 – 7 April 1994) was a French politician charged in 1981 by newly elected president François Mitterrand with overseeing national security and other sensitive matters, in particular those concerning Lebanon, Syria, Tunisia, Morocco, Gabon, the Persian Gulf countries, Pakistan and the two Koreas. He was also in charge of the French branch of Gladio, NATO's stay-behind paramilitary secret armies during the Cold War.〔(Grossouvre (François de) ), ''Voltaire Network'', 15 December 1998 〕〔(Grossouvre biography ), from Brian Crozier, ''Free Agent'', 1993, and Daniele Ganser, 'NATO's Secret Armies: Operation Gladio and Terrorism in Western Europe', Franck Cass, London, 2005 p. 90-91〕 He was found dead with gunshot wounds at the Élysée Palace, the French President's official residence. The official verdict was suicide. ==Biography== François de Grossouvre was born in an aristocratic family, the descendant of Jean-François Durand, lord of Grossouvre (1735–1832).〔Genealogy available (here )〕 His father, a banker, died in 1923 in Beirut where he resided. François de Grossouvre would keep affective ties to Lebanon thereafter. He then studied with the Jesuits in France and studied medicine. During World War II, François de Grossouvre was posted as auxiliary physician in a regiment of Moroccan ''tirailleurs'', and then joined the ski troops in the Vercors region. There he met Captain Bousquet, who created one of the first units of the ''Organisation de résistance de l'armée'' (ORA). He then returned to Lyon, where he received his doctorate in 1942. Afterward, he became doctor of the 11th regiment of Cuirassiers, headed by Colonel Lormeau.〔See Paul Barril, ''Guerres secrètes à l'Élysée''.〕 Grossouvre then became a member of Joseph Darnand's ''Service d'ordre légionnaire'' (SOL), a Vichyst militia. He left it in 1943 to fight in the Vercors, joining the Maquis of the Chartreuse, near Grenoble (code-name "Clober"). After the Liberation, it was found that he had in fact infiltrated the SOL on behalf of ORA. Grossouvre was then recruited in 1950 by the French SDECE intelligence agency to replace Gilbert Union, official in Lyon and who had worked with the military agency BCRA, and became leader of ''Arc-en-Ciel'', the regional branch of Gladio (Lyon region), NATO's stay-behind anti-communist organizations during the Cold War, under the code-name "Monsieur Leduc".〔〔(Du Temple Solaire au réseau Gladio, en passant par Politica Hermetica... ), Didier Daeninckx in ''Amnistia.net'', 27 February 2002 〕 According to former SDECE agent Louis Mouchon, "His business, the A. Berger et Cie Sugar company, offered ample opportunities to stage fronts. He really had excellent contacts." According to ''The Economist's obituary, "He was recruited into the French espionage service and helped to organise Gladio, an American backed plan to create an armed resistance movement in Western Europe against a Russian invasion." Created by Colonel Fourcaud, in liaison with the US National Security Council, and then by Grossouvre, this network allegedly used the SAC Gaullist militia and the DPS, the National Front's currently dissolved militia.〔(Gladio toujours ), ''Voltaire Network'', 1 October 1999 〕 The DPS was created along with Jacques Foccart, after the 1982 dissolution of the SAC, and allegedly provided mercenaries for activities in the former French colonies in Africa.〔(Le 21 avril 2002 n’a pas été marqué par une poussée du FN, "Pourra-t-on étouffer longtemps le nouveau clivage politique ?" ), ''Voltaire Network'', 4 May 2002 〕 He met Pierre Mendès France during the war, on a bomber. Mendès France would later introduce him to François Mitterrand. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「François de Grossouvre」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|